> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.reserve.org/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.reserve.org/core-components/yield-dtfs/minting-and-redeeming.md).

# Minting & redeeming

Minting/redeeming directly converts between Yield DTFs and their underlying collateral—no custodians or order books required. Anyone can mint or redeem permissionlessly.

![issuance and redemption](/files/0e8ec43ddc36c4d17c1826a37ffd4af9198ebb04)

For convenience, the protocol offers zapper helpers that let users enter or exit using almost any ERC‑20 token or native ETH in one transaction.

## How to mint or redeem

There are three main ways to mint or redeem. The [Reserve app](https://app.reserve.org/) provides a convenient interface, but any front‑end can access the same permissionless contracts.

{% stepper %}
{% step %}

### Zapper (one‑step)

When to use: You want to use a single ERC‑20 or ETH and let the app handle the swaps.

* Click the **Mint** button on any DTF page → choose **Mint** or **Redeem**
* In the **You use** or **You receive** field, pick any supported token (ETH, USDC, wBTC, etc.)
* Enter an amount and review the quote
  {% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Manual mint / redeem

When to use: You hold/want the exact collateral tokens or need precise slippage control.

* Click **Switch to manual mode** on the DTF’s Mint/Redeem page
* Review per‑token amounts to deposit/receive
* Approve any necessary tokens and submit
  {% endstep %}

{% step %}

### Direct contract call

When to use: Integrations, scripts, advanced use cases.

* Call `issue(amount)` or `redeem(amount)` on the DTF proxy. Basket ratios are calculated and enforced onchain.

See the [smart contracts](https://github.com/reserve-protocol/protocol/tree/master/docs) section for contract details and addresses.
{% endstep %}
{% endstepper %}


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